是
shì
to be
Guided culture reading
李代桃僵
An old poem tells how a plum tree takes hurt to save a peach tree beside it. This is the eleventh of the Thirty-Six Stratagems: 李代桃僵.
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Before you read
6 helpful words
是
shì
to be
三
sān
three
十
shí
ten
六
liù
six
一
yī
one
的
de
possessive particle
古乐府诗《君子行》里写道:桃树长露水井边,李树就长身旁。
Gǔ Yuèfǔshī “Jūnzǐxíng” lǐ xiědào: táoshù zhǎng zài lùshuǐjǐng biān, lǐshù jiù zhǎng zài tā shēnpáng.
The ancient yuefu poem 'The Gentleman' says: a peach tree grew by the open well, and right beside it grew a plum tree.
Sentence vocabulary
在 · zài
to be at; in; on
旁边 · páng biān
beside; next to
它 · tā
it
两棵树根须相连,枝叶相掩,像形影不离的兄弟。
Liǎng kē shù gēnxū xiānglián, zhīyè xiāngyǎn, jiù xiàng xíngyǐng-bùlí de hǎo xiōngdì.
The two trees were joined at the roots, their branches and leaves overlapping, like good brothers who never leave each other's side.
Sentence vocabulary
就 · jiù
then; right away
好 · hǎo
good; well
有,地里的虫子钻出来,专门啃食桃树的根。
Yǒu yì tiān, dìlǐ de chóngzi zuān chūlái, zhuānmén kěnshí táoshù de gēn.
One day, bugs came up out of the ground and set to gnawing the roots of the peach tree.
Sentence vocabulary
一 · yī
one
天 · tiān
sky; day
桃树痛得无计可施,眼要枯死。
Táoshù tòng de wújì-kěshī, yǎnkàn jiù yào kūsǐ.
The peach tree hurt unbearably and had no way to save itself; before its eyes it was about to wither and die.
Sentence vocabulary
看 · kàn
to look; to watch; to read
就 · jiù
then; right away
李树二话说,把自己根伸过去,虫子来啃自己。
Lǐshù èrhuà-bùshuō, bǎ zìjǐ de gēn shēn guòqù, ràng chóngzi lái kěn zìjǐ.
Without a second word, the plum tree stretched its own roots over and let the bugs come and gnaw it instead.
Sentence vocabulary
不 · bù
not; no
的 · de
possessive particle
让 · ràng
to let; to allow
没过多久,桃树安然无恙,李树却僵死原地。
Méi guò duōjiǔ, táoshù ānrán-wúyàng, lǐshù què jiāngsǐ zài yuándì.
Before long the peach tree was safe and sound, while the plum tree stood stiff and dead where it was.
Sentence vocabulary
在 · zài
to be at; in; on
后来的们读到这首诗,都为李树的舍己深深感动。
Hòulái de rénnen dúdào zhè shǒu shī, dōu wèi lǐshù de shějǐ shēnshēn gǎndòng.
People of later ages who read this poem were all deeply moved by the plum tree's self-sacrifice.
Sentence vocabulary
人 · rén
person; people
“李代桃僵”这四个字,成了舍小救大、舍己救人的象征。
“Lǐdài-táojiāng” zhè sì ge zì, yě chéngle shěxiǎo-jiùdà, shějǐ-jiùrén de xiàngzhēng.
The four characters 'the plum takes the peach's place and dies' became a symbol of giving up the small to save the big, of sacrificing oneself to save others.
Sentence vocabulary
也 · yě
also; too
古代将帅看到这里,便把这种“以局部换全局”的思路总结成条计策。
Gǔdài jiàngshuài kàndào zhèlǐ, biàn bǎ zhè zhǒng “yǐ júbù huàn quánjú” de sīlù zǒngjié chéng yì tiáo jìcè.
When generals of old saw this, they summed up this way of thinking — 'trade the part to keep the whole' — as a stratagem.
Sentence vocabulary
一 · yī
one
这就是“李代桃僵”——在关键时候,宁可牺牲的、次要的,要保住的、根本的。
Zhè jiùshì “Lǐdài-táojiāng” —— zài guānjiàn shíhou, nìngkě xīshēng xiǎo de, cìyào de, yě yào bǎozhù dà de, gēnběn de.
This is 'sacrificing the plum for the peach': at a crucial moment, one would rather give up what is small and secondary in order to protect what is big and essential.
Sentence vocabulary
小 · xiǎo
small; little
大 · dà
big; large
也 · yě
also; too
下棋时常常见到这样的招法:为了保住主帅,棋手宁可丢掉车马。
Xiàqí shí chángcháng jiàndào zhèyàng de zhāofǎ: wèile bǎozhù zhǔshuài, qíshǒu nìngkě diūdiào yì chē yì mǎ.
You often see the same move in chess: to save the king, a player would rather give up a rook and a knight.
Sentence vocabulary
一 · yī
one
它智慧在于:得失之间要取舍,懂得放弃,才能真正守住最重要东西。
Tā de zhìhuì zàiyú: déshī zhījiān yào yǒu qǔshě, dǒngde fàngqì, cái néng zhēnzhèng shǒuzhù zuì zhòngyào de dōngxi.
Its wisdom lies here: between gain and loss you must choose; only by knowing what to let go can you truly hold on to what matters most.
Sentence vocabulary
的 · de
possessive particle
有 · yǒu
to have; there is
Finished reading the story?
Vocabulary
是
shì
to be
三
sān
three
十
shí
ten
六
liù
six
一
yī
one
的
de
possessive particle
意思
yì si
meaning
大
dà
big; large
事情
shì qing
matter; thing
可以
kě yǐ
can; may
小
xiǎo
small; little
从
cóng
from
有
yǒu
to have; there is
旁边
páng biān
beside; next to
它
tā
it
好
hǎo
good; well
朋友
péngyou
friend
天
tiān
sky; day
在
zài
to be at; in; on
一起
yì qǐ
together
看
kàn
to look; to watch; to read
就
jiù
then; right away
让
ràng
to let; to allow
来
lái
to come
吃
chī
to eat
很
hěn
very
不
bù
not; no
人
rén
person; people
写
xiě
to write
这
zhè
this
说
shuō
to speak; to say
里
lǐ
inside; in
也
yě
also; too
Mini quiz
Printable preview
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是 · shì
to be
三 · sān
three
十 · shí
ten
六 · liù
six
一 · yī
one
的 · de
possessive particle
意思 · yì si
meaning
大 · dà
big; large
事情 · shì qing
matter; thing
可以 · kě yǐ
can; may
小 · xiǎo
small; little
从 · cóng
from
In the poem, which tree let the bugs eat itself to save the other tree?
Options: The plum tree / The peach tree / A big tree / A flower
What does 安然无恙 mean?
Options: Safe and sound; unhurt / Very sick / Very tired / Very angry
What is the pinyin for 李 (as in 李树, plum tree)?
Options: lǐ / lì / lí / lī
Put these parts in the correct order.
Answer: 古乐府诗《君子行》里写道:桃树长在露水井边,李树就长在它身旁。
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